フォルダ構成
│ docker-compose.yml
└─docker
   ├─php
   │  dockerfile
   │  php.ini
   └─nginx
      default.confdocker-compose.yml
version: '3'
services:
  php:
    container_name: php
    build: ./docker/php
    volumes:
    - ./server:/var/www
  nginx:
    image: nginx
    container_name: nginx
    ports:
    - 8080:80
    volumes:
    - ./server:/var/www
    - ./docker/nginx/default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
    depends_on:
    - php
  db:
    image: mysql:5.7
    container_name: db-host
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root
      MYSQL_DATABASE: database
      MYSQL_USER: docker
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: docker
      TZ: 'Asia/Tokyo'
    command: mysqld --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
    volumes:
    - ./docker/db/data:/var/lib/mysql
    - ./docker/db/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/conf.d/my.cnf
    - ./docker/db/sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
    ports:
    - 3306:3306phpのdockerfile
FROM php:7.2-fpm
COPY php.ini /usr/local/etc/php/
RUN apt-get update \
  && apt-get install -y zlib1g-dev mariadb-client \
  && docker-php-ext-install zip pdo_mysql
#Composer install
COPY --from=composer /usr/bin/composer /usr/bin/composer
ENV COMPOSER_ALLOW_SUPERUSER 1
ENV COMPOSER_HOME /composer
ENV PATH $PATH:/composer/vendor/bin
WORKDIR /var/www
RUN composer global require "laravel/installer"php.ini
[Date]
date.timezone = "Asia/Tokyo"
[mbstring]
mbstring.internal_encoding = "UTF-8"
mbstring.language = "Japanese"nginxのdefault.conf
server {
  listen 80;
  index index.php index.html;
  root /var/www/public;
  location / {
    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
  }
  location ~ \.php$ {
    try_files $uri =404;
    fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
    fastcgi_pass php:9000;
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    include fastcgi_params;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
  }
 }ビルド
docker-compose builddocker起動
docker-compose up -dphpコンテナに入る
docker-compose exec php bashLaravelプロジェクト作成
composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel .//var/www/storage配下のフォルダのアクセス権を777にする
chmod -R 777 storage/確認
http://localhost:8080/にアクセスしてlaravelページが表示されればOK